Dear friends units is a important part of physics so most probably chance to more than two question in UPTET 2013.
Name of 7 fundamental units—
Fundamental Quantities —- Units
Length. —-meter
Mass. —-kilogram
Time. —-second
Temperature. —-kelvin (K)
Electric current. —-ampere(A)
Luminous intensity -candela(cd)
Molecular quantity -mole. (mole)
1 day =86400second
Tera (10¹²)
Giga (10^9)
Mega (10^6)
Kilo (10³)
Hecto(10²)
Deca(10¹)
Base
Decided(10-¹)
Centi(10-²)
Mili (10-³)
Micro (10-6)
Nano (10-9)
Pico (10-¹²)
Note–
1angstrom (A°)=10-¹° meter
Use for Light wave .
1 Light year=9.46×10¹5 meter
=10¹6meter(aprox)
Momentum unit =kg×ms-¹
Impulse of aforce=newton×second
Unit of Motion =ms-¹
Acceleration =ms-²(^V/s)
Force=kg×ms-² (F=ma)
Also known as=newton
Unit of Gravitational force=newton
Unit of
Universal. Gravitation constant (G)=newton.m².kg-² (G=F×r²/m1m2)
Value of constant G=6.67×10^-9
Unit of weight =kg.ms-² (W=m.g)
=newton
Gravity ( g) =ms-²
Note
1 kg Weight =1kg×9.8ms-²
=9.8kg.ms-²
=newton
Units of work=newton ×meter
W= F×d
Also know as= juole(j)
Power(p) =W/t
Unit of power =joule×s-¹
Also known as=watt
Note- 1 H.P=746watt(approx)
Unit of Energy =Joule
Also unit of energy =kilo-watt-hours
Mass energy (E)=mc²
Light speed (c)=3×10^8ms-¹
Wavelength of wave
Lambda=v/n
v=wave speed (ms-¹) n=frequency (Hartz)
Note– Classification of waves
( A) Mechanical
( B) Electro-magnetic
A) Mechanical waves –Basicaly its three types
(I) Sonic waves /Sound.
Range of frequency
20-20,000 /second
(II) Subsonic waves
Range of frequency
Less than 20
(III) Ultrasonic waves
Range of frequency
More than 20,000
This waves use in medical science known as ultrasound or ultrasonography.
(B)Electro-magnetic waves
Its not required any medium .
Also known as Radiation.
Types of Radiation
1-Gamma radiation –Low waveslength ↑-High frequency ↓
2-Xrays
3-Ultraviolet radiation
4-Light
5-Infrared /heat radiation
6-Hertzian waves
Note-
Speed of sound increase as go down-
Corbondioxide
Air
Hidrogen
Alcohol
Water
Tin
Iron
glass
grenite stone
Temperature :
Celsius scale ( °c)
Fahrenhelt (°F)
Kelvin (°K)
°K=-273.15°C (absolute zero)
°C=273°K
100°C=373.15°K
Note-
Relationship between °F and°C-
C/5=F-32/9
Linear Expansion of Solid
Alfalfa=delta L/L×delta t
Unit of it- °c-¹
Unit if specific heat-
Q=s×m×delta t
s=joule.KG-¹°C-¹
Also known as kalori.gram-¹×°C-¹
1 Kalori=4.18 joule